135 lines
3.7 KiB
Markdown
135 lines
3.7 KiB
Markdown
# 12.6 后端编码规范
|
||
|
||
:::tip 概述
|
||
本节定义后端 PHP 代码的编写规范,包括 Model、Service、Controller、FormRequest 各层的命名和结构规范,确保团队代码风格统一。代码风格以 Laravel Pint(`./vendor/bin/pint`)为准。
|
||
:::
|
||
|
||
## Model 层规范
|
||
|
||
```php
|
||
// 继承 Eloquent Model(app/Models/Example.php)
|
||
class Example extends Model
|
||
{
|
||
// 软删除(is_delete)+ 审计字段(create_user/create_time/update_user/update_time)
|
||
use HasAuditColumns, SoftDeletesByFlag;
|
||
|
||
/**
|
||
* 对应数据库表名
|
||
*
|
||
* @var string
|
||
*/
|
||
protected $table = 'example';
|
||
|
||
/**
|
||
* 批量赋值白名单
|
||
*
|
||
* @var array<int, string>
|
||
*/
|
||
protected $fillable = ['name', 'avatar', 'type', 'status', 'sort'];
|
||
}
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
## Service 层规范
|
||
|
||
```php
|
||
// 系统共享模块继承 BaseService
|
||
class ExampleService extends BaseService
|
||
{
|
||
use HasCrudOperations, HasQueryScopes, HasSerializeMaps;
|
||
|
||
/**
|
||
* 关联的模型类
|
||
*
|
||
* @var string
|
||
*/
|
||
protected string $modelClass = Example::class;
|
||
|
||
/**
|
||
* LIKE 模糊匹配字段
|
||
*
|
||
* @var array
|
||
*/
|
||
protected array $pageLikeFields = ['name'];
|
||
|
||
/**
|
||
* 精确匹配字段
|
||
*
|
||
* @var array
|
||
*/
|
||
protected array $pageEqFields = ['status'];
|
||
|
||
/**
|
||
* 新增前处理
|
||
*
|
||
* @param array $data 待新增的数据
|
||
* @return array 处理后的数据
|
||
*/
|
||
protected function beforeAdd(array $data): array
|
||
{
|
||
return $data;
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
// 租户模块继承 BaseTenantService(含 tenant_id 的业务表)
|
||
class UserService extends BaseTenantService { ... }
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
可用生命周期钩子(`HasCrudOperations`):`beforeAdd` / `afterAdd` / `beforeUpdate` / `afterUpdate` / `beforeDelete` / `afterDelete` / `beforeBatchDelete` / `afterBatchDelete` / `afterDetail` / `afterPageList`。
|
||
|
||
## Controller 层规范
|
||
|
||
```php
|
||
class ExampleController extends Controller
|
||
{
|
||
// 构造函数注入 Service(不在 initialize 中手动 new)
|
||
public function __construct(protected ExampleService $exampleService) {}
|
||
|
||
// 使用注解
|
||
#[OperationLog('示例管理-新增', OperationLog::TYPE_ADD)]
|
||
#[Permission('sys:example:add', '新增示例')]
|
||
public function add(ExampleRequest $request): JsonResponse
|
||
{
|
||
return $this->_add($this->exampleService, $request->validated());
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
:::tip 瘦控制器
|
||
Controller 只做三件事:参数获取(FormRequest)→ 调用 Service → 返回 JSON。业务规则一律写在 Service,不在控制器写 if/else 业务判断。
|
||
:::
|
||
|
||
## FormRequest 层规范
|
||
|
||
```php
|
||
class ExampleRequest extends BaseRequest
|
||
{
|
||
public function rules(): array
|
||
{
|
||
return [
|
||
'name' => 'required|string|max:255', // ✅ 驼峰命名
|
||
'categoryId' => 'required|integer', // ✅ 驼峰命名
|
||
// 'category_id' => 'required', // ❌ 禁止下划线
|
||
];
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
public function messages(): array
|
||
{
|
||
return [
|
||
'name.required' => '名称不能为空',
|
||
'categoryId.required' => '分类不能为空',
|
||
];
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
:::warning 字段名必须使用驼峰
|
||
FormRequest 中的字段名必须使用 camelCase(驼峰),与前端传参一致——使用下划线会导致校验规则匹配不到字段。控制器以 `validated()` 取数原样传递,键名转换由 Service 写入入口(doAdd/doUpdate)统一完成。
|
||
:::
|
||
|
||
## 注解规范
|
||
|
||
- 所有写操作(POST/PUT/DELETE)必须标注 `#[OperationLog('模块-操作', OperationLog::TYPE_XXX)]`
|
||
- 所有需要权限控制的接口必须标注 `#[Permission]`
|
||
- 权限码格式:`sys:{模块名}:{操作}`
|
||
- 演示环境放行的只读接口标注 `#[DemoAllow]`
|